The present brake system for Shinkansen depends on wheel rail adhesion, which cannot help dropping at high speed. The brake systems not depending on adhesion can make up for it, one of them being the rail brake. In Japan three types of rail brake were being tested in the field. They were the eddy current rail brake, the electro magnetic rail brake, the hybrid rail brake. The eddy current type, which does not come into contact with rails, needs high current and greatly increases the temperature in rails. The electro magnetic type which attracts rails and achieves braking by frictional force cannot generate a stable braking force. Therefore the authors developed a hybrid rail brake for Shinkansen, which has advantages over the two types. This type does not need as much current, and keeps rail temperature low.