M.NASU
Derailments of many trains on the JR lines have happened during the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake. They have happened mostly at changing sites of ground and roadbed condition. Seismic response analyses of ground models made of hard and soft layers lying in proximity to each other have been carried out. The ground displacement has been found to happen according to the ground strength. Consequently, it is estimated that a horizontal discrepancy will happen in the rail at a ground condition changing site and derailment of train will do at this site.