Some of cut and cover tunnels were damaged by the Hyogoken-Nambu Earthquake in 1995. The design code of cut and cover railway tunnel has not been established yet, so the design method of box-type culvert has usually been used for seismic resistant designs. Except for important facilities, the seismic resistant design has not been considered. From this view point, a seismic design method for cut and cover tunnels is desired. To investigate the behavior of underground structures at the time of earthquake, damage of three underground structures are first investigated and analytical simulations are carried out. Several model shaking table tests of cut and cover tunnel are then performed and the results are numerically analyzed. Finally, a new seismic design method of cut and cover tunnel is presented based on there test and analysis results.