The research filed of human science at RTRI covers the human factors on railway safety, and the amenity of railway vehicles and facilities. On the former subject, for the safeguard against accidents caused by human errors, we have promoted a study of the validity of psychological aptitude tests, various researches to evaluate train drivers' working conditions and environments, and new investigations to minimize the risk of passenger casualties at train accidents. On the latter subject, we have developed new methods to evaluate the riding comfort including that of tilt train, and started research as on the improvement of railway facilities from the viewpoint of Universal Design.