Extensive research and development are conducted in the field of structure technology at the Railway Technical Research Institute. Many fruitful research results have already been put to practical use in railway companies. The RRR method, BMC system and IMPACT are the typical examples that have been widely used and have contributed to reducing construction and maintenance costs. Even greater efforts to develop the railway structure technology, especially for the improvement of structure design specifications and the development of new maintenance technologies, will be made form now on. This paper presents the fundamental concept and several examples of research and development of structure technology in the future.