Railway tracks generally consist of rails, fasteners, sleepers and a ballast bed. Repeated passing of trains causes permanent deformation to require regular maintenance. This maintenance is conventionally carried out by tamping to rearrange the existing ballast under sleepers. However, this disturbs well compacted ballast and subsequent trains soon cause the track to deform again. In particular the weakest point of lower class lines is rail joints. The authors proposed two methods to inject Ultra-rapid Hardening Cement-Asphalt Grout (CAG) into ballast and inject resin under loose sleepers at rail joints. To confirm the performance of these methods, test tracks were laid and tested at RTRI. The results confirm that both methods provide a better form of track maintenance for lower class lines.

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