Human simulation is a generic term to represent methods for simulating human behavior, motion, decision-making and environment by using virtual reality technology. As human simulation has made exciting progress over the last decade, this paper presents applied human simulation methods to railway ergonomics. There are two methods of simulation. One is to develop environmental simulators such as train driving or riding comfort simulators that reproduce a driver/passenger cabin. These simulators are used as experimental tools to identify the factors that influence human errors or riding comfort. The other is to develop computer simulations such as passenger flow in railway stations, or passengers' motion and damage caused by train collisions.

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